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What Are Variables In C#. Variables are specific names given to locations in the memory for storing and dealing with data. The values of a variable can be changed or reused as many times as possible. Every variable name has a specific type that resolves the size and layout of memory the variable will hold as well as the range of values that variable within your program can hold. Also, programmers can determine which variables can be applied to which type of operation. Types Of C# Variables. The basic types of variables that can be formed in a C# program are: Integral typessbyte, byte, short, ushort, int, uint, long, ulong, and char Floating-point types float and double Decimal types decimal Boolean types true or false values, as assigned Nullable types Nullable data types Define Variables In C#. For implementing variables in a C# program, you have to define them before use. To do this, the syntax is: <data_type> <variable_names> ; Here data_types will be a valid data type (...

C# Programming Structure. The lists of elements that are commonly used in a C# program are: Library invoked by the keyword "using". Declaring namespace using the "namespace" keyword. Declaring a class using the keyword "class". Class members and attributes. The Main() method. Other statements and expressions. Writing comments for user understanding and non-executable statements. Let's look into various parts of the above C# program. /* Comments */ /* Print, some string in C# */, is the comment statement that does not get executed by the compiler and is used for code readers or programmers' understanding. using Here, using keyword is employed for fetching all the associated methods that are within the System namespace. Any C# program can have multiple using statements. namespace Next statement is used for declaring a namespace, which is a collection of classes under a single unit; here "printHelloCsharp". Class Next, you have declared a cl...

Introduction Of C#. There are a lot of object-oriented programming (OOP) languages ​​on the market, and C # is one of the purest forms of the OOP language. C# is a Dot Net Framework's programming language. This language was designed for both professionals and newbie programmers to start learning and implementing it. What Is C# ? C# comes under internationally accepted general-purpose, high level, an object-oriented programming language developed by the Microsoft Corporation and approved by the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) to be considered as a standard and professionally used programming language. Anders Hejlsberg was involved as the lead developer who developed it when the Dot Net Framework was created. C# was designed for complex computational logic and was mainly designed for Command Line Interface (CLI) that deals with executable code in a runtime environment. The term C# is pronounced as C-Sharp, which r...

Cloud Computing What Is Cloud Computing? (V1) Cloud computing is the on-demand availability of computer system resources, especially data storage (cloud storage) and computing power, without direct active management by the user. The term is generally used to describe data centers available to many users over the Internet. What Is Cloud Computing? (V2) Simply put, cloud computing is the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the Internet (“the cloud”) to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale. What Is Cloud Computing? (V3) Cloud Computing is the use of hardware and software to deliver a service over a network (typically the Internet). With cloud computing, users can access files and use applications from any device that can access the Internet. An example of a Cloud Computing provider is Google's Gmail. What are the 3 types of cloud computing? Cloud computing can be bro...

Google Schema What is Google Schema? (V1) Schema.org (often called Schema) is a semantic vocabulary of tags (or microdata) that you can add to your HTML to improve the way search engines read and represent your page in SERPs. What Is Google Schemas ? (V2) Website Schemas are essentially words or tags in a “shared vocabulary” that can be used by your on-line marketing company (like us!) to talk to search engines like Google & Bing to provide refined searches. What Is Google Schemas? (V3) Schema markup, also known as structured data, is the language of search engines, using a unique semantic vocabulary. It is code used to more clearly provide information to search engines in order to understand your content. In turn, this helps provide users with better, more accurate information in the rich snippets that are displayed beneath the page title. What is schema and why is it important? Schema is powerful and important. By being able to implement and use this information. You'll not o...

AMP Site VS Normal Site What Is AMP Site? AMP (originally an acronym for Accelerated Mobile Pages) is an open source HTML framework developed by the AMP Open Source Project. It was originally created by Google as a competitor to Facebook Instant Articles and Apple News. AMP is optimised for mobile web browsing and intended to help webpages load faster. What Is Website? A website (also written as web site) is a collection of web pages and related content that is identified by a common domain name and published on at least one web server. ... Websites are typically dedicated to a particular topic or purpose, such as news, education, commerce, entertainment, or social networking. Whay AMP Site Load Fast? AMP-built web pages have a lightning bolt indicator in the search result. This is what an AMP page looks compared to a normal web page: The reason why AMP pages load instantly is because AMP restricts HTML/CSS and JavaScript, allowing faster rendering of mobile web pages. How To Make AMP ...

Agile Model The meaning of Agile is swift or versatile."Agile process model" refers to a software development approach based on iterative development. Agile methods break tasks into smaller iterations, or parts do not directly involve long term planning. The project scope and requirements are laid down at the beginning of the development process. Plans regarding the number of iterations, the duration and the scope of each iteration are clearly defined in advance. Each iteration is considered as a short time "frame" in the Agile process model, which typically lasts from one to four weeks. The division of the entire project into smaller parts helps to minimize the project risk and to reduce the overall project delivery time requirements. Each iteration involves a team working through a full software development life cycle including planning, requirements analysis, design, coding, and testing before a working product is demonstrated to the client. Phases of Agile Model...

Incremental Model Incremental Model is a process of software development where requirements divided into multiple standalone modules of the software development cycle. In this model, each module goes through the requirements, design, implementation and testing phases. Every subsequent release of the module adds function to the previous release. The process continues until the complete system achieved. The various phases of incremental model are as follows: 1. Requirement analysis: In the first phase of the incremental model, the product analysis expertise identifies the requirements. And the system functional requirements are understood by the requirement analysis team. To develop the software under the incremental model, this phase performs a crucial role. 2. Design & Development: In this phase of the Incremental model of SDLC, the design of the system functionality and the development method are finished with success. When software develops new practicality, the incremental mode...

Spiral Model The spiral model, initially proposed by Boehm, is an evolutionary software process model that couples the iterative feature of prototyping with the controlled and systematic aspects of the linear sequential model. It implements the potential for rapid development of new versions of the software. Using the spiral model, the software is developed in a series of incremental releases. During the early iterations, the additional release may be a paper model or prototype. During later iterations, more and more complete versions of the engineered system are produced. Each cycle in the spiral is divided into four parts: Objective setting: Each cycle in the spiral starts with the identification of purpose for that cycle, the various alternatives that are possible for achieving the targets, and the constraints that exists. Risk Assessment and reduction: The next phase in the cycle is to calculate these various alternatives based on the goals and constraints. The focus of evaluation ...

RAD (Rapid Application Development) Model RAD is a linear sequential software development process model that emphasizes a concise development cycle using an element based construction approach. If the requirements are well understood and described, and the project scope is a constraint, the RAD process enables a development team to create a fully functional system within a concise time period. RAD (Rapid Application Development) is a concept that products can be developed faster and of higher quality through: Gathering requirements using workshops or focus groups Prototyping and early, reiterative user testing of designs The re-use of software components A rigidly paced schedule that refers design improvements to the next product version Less formality in reviews and other team communication The various phases of RAD are as follows: 1.Business Modelling: The information flow among business functions is defined by answering questions like what data drives the business process, what data...

Waterfall model Winston Royce introduced the Waterfall Model in 1970.This model has five phases: Requirements analysis and specification, design, implementation, and unit testing, integration and system testing, and operation and maintenance. The steps always follow in this order and do not overlap. The developer must complete every phase before the next phase begins. This model is named "Waterfall Model", because its diagrammatic representation resembles a cascade of waterfalls. 1. Requirements analysis and specification phase: The aim of this phase is to understand the exact requirements of the customer and to document them properly. Both the customer and the software developer work together so as to document all the functions, performance, and interfacing requirement of the software. It describes the "what" of the system to be produced and not "how."In this phase, a large document called Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document is created whic...

Software Requirements The software requirements are description of features and functionalities of the target system. Requirements convey the expectations of users from the software product. The requirements can be obvious or hidden, known or unknown, expected or unexpected from client’s point of view. Requirement Engineering The process to gather the software requirements from client, analyze and document them is known as requirement engineering. The goal of requirement engineering is to develop and maintain sophisticated and descriptive ‘System Requirements Specification’ document. Requirement Engineering Process It is a four step process, which includes – Feasibility Study Requirement Gathering Software Requirement Specification Software Requirement Validation Let us see the process briefly - Feasibility study When the client approaches the organization for getting the desired product developed, it comes up with rough idea about what all functions the software must perform and which...

Why Software Engineering is Popular? Here are important reasons behind the popularity of software engineering: Large software – In our real life, it is quite more comfortable to build a wall than a house or building. In the same manner, as the size of the software becomes large, software engineering helps you to build software. Scalability - If the software development process were based on scientific and engineering concepts, it is easier to re-create new software to scale an existing one. Adaptability : Whenever the software process was based on scientific and engineering, it is easy to re-create new software with the help of software engineering. Cost - Hardware industry has shown its skills and huge manufacturing has lower the cost of the computer and electronic hardware. Dynamic Nature - Always growing and adapting nature of the software. It depends on the environment in which the user works. Quality Management : Offers better method of software development to provide quality so...

What is Software Engineering? Software engineering is defined as a process of analyzing user requirements and then designing, building, and testing software application which will satisfy those requirements. Let's look at the various definitions of software engineering: IEEE, in its standard 610.12-1990, defines software engineering as the application of a systematic, disciplined, which is a computable approach for the development, operation, and maintenance of software. Fritz Bauer defined it as 'the establishment and used standard engineering principles. It helps you to obtain, economically, software which is reliable and works efficiently on the real machines'. Boehm defines software engineering, which involves, 'the practical application of scientific knowledge to the creative design and building of computer programs. It also includes associated documentation needed for developing, operating, and maintaining them.'

History Of Software The Early Days of Software Computer scientist Tom Kilburn is responsible for writing the world’s very first piece of software, which was run at 11 a.m. on June 21, 1948, at the University of Manchester in England. Kilburn and his colleague Freddie Williams had built one of the earliest computers, the Manchester Small-Scale Experimental Machine (also known as the “Baby”). The SSEM was programmed to perform mathematical calculations using machine code instructions. This first piece of software took “only” 52 minutes to correctly compute the greatest divisor of 2 to the power of 18 (262,144). For decades after this groundbreaking event, computers were programmed with punch cards in which holes denoted specific machine code instructions. Fortran, one of the very first higher-level programming languages, was originally published in 1957. The next year, statistician John Tukey coined the word “software” in an article about computer programming. Other pioneering programmin...

Types Of Softwares The two main types of software are system software and application software. System software is a type of computer program designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs. System software coordinates the activities and functions of the hardware and software. In addition, it controls the operations of the computer hardware and provides an environment or platform for all the other types of software to work in. The best-known example of system software is the operating system (OS), which manages all the other programs in a computer. Application software is a computer software package that performs a specific function for an end user or, in some instances, for another application. An application can be self-contained or a group of programs. The program is a set of operations that runs the application for the user. Applications use the computer's OS and other supporting programs, typically system software, to function. Application software is differ...

Software Software is a set of instructions, data or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. Opposite of hardware, which describes the physical aspects of a computer, software is a generic term used to refer to applications, scripts and programs that run on a device. Software can be thought of as the variable part of a computer, and hardware the invariable part. Software is often divided into categories. Application software refers to user-downloaded programs that fulfill a want or need. Examples of applications include office suites, database programs, web browsers, word processors, software development tools, image editors and communication platforms. System software includes operating systems and any program that supports application software.

Basic Building Blocks Of The C Programming You have seen the basic structure of a C program, so it will be easy to understand other basic building blocks of the C programming language. Tokens in C A C program consists of various tokens and a token is either a keyword, an identifier, a constant, a string literal, or a symbol. For example, the following C statement consists of five tokens − printf("Hello, World! \n"); The individual tokens are − printf (    "Hello, World! \n" ) ; Semicolons In a C program, the semicolon is a statement terminator. That is, each individual statement must be ended with a semicolon. It indicates the end of one logical entity. Given below are two different statements − printf("Hello, World! \n"); return 0; Comments Comments are like helping text in your C program and they are ignored by the compiler. They start with /* and terminate with the characters */ as shown below − /* my first program in C */ You cannot have comments withi...

Hello World Example A C program basically consists of the following parts − Preprocessor Commands Functions Variables Statements & Expressions Comments Let us look at a simple code that would print the words "Hello World" − INPUT #include <stdio.h> void main {    /* my first program in C */    printf("Hello, World! \n");    getch; } Let us take a look at the various parts of the above program − The first line of the program #include <stdio.h> is a preprocessor command, which tells a C compiler to include stdio.h file before going to actual compilation. The next line int main() is the main function where the program execution begins. The next line /*...*/ will be ignored by the compiler and it has been put to add additional comments in the program. So such lines are called comments in the program. The next line printf(...) is another function available in C which causes the message "Hello, World!" to be displayed on the screen. The next line...

Applications of C Programming C was initially used for system development work, particularly the programs that make-up the operating system. C was adopted as a system development language because it produces code that runs nearly as fast as the code written in assembly language. Some examples of the use of C are - Operating Systems Language Compilers Assemblers Text Editors Print Spoolers Network Drivers Modern Programs Databases Language Interpreters Utilities Audience This tutorial is designed for software programmers with a need to understand the C programming language starting from scratch. This C tutorial will give you enough understanding on C programming language from where you can take yourself to higher level of expertise. Prerequisites Before proceeding with this tutorial, you should have a basic understanding of Computer Programming terminologies. A basic understanding of any of the programming languages will help you in understanding the C programming concepts and move fast...